What To Know
- Use a garden fork or tiller to loosen the soil to a depth of 12 inches.
- Starting phlox from seed is a rewarding experience, offering a sense of accomplishment and a chance to create unique varieties.
- Place the plant in the hole and backfill with soil, ensuring that the crown of the plant (where the stem meets the roots) is at or slightly above soil level.
Phlox, with its vibrant colors and intoxicating fragrance, is a beloved addition to any garden. These hardy perennials offer a stunning display of blooms throughout the summer, attracting butterflies and hummingbirds alike. But how do you go about planting phlox and ensuring their success? This comprehensive guide will walk you through the process, from choosing the right variety to nurturing your phlox for years to come.
Choosing the Right Phlox Variety
The first step in your phlox journey is selecting the perfect variety. Phlox comes in a wide range of colors, sizes, and bloom times, so consider the following factors:
- Flower Color: Phlox boasts a spectrum of hues, from classic white and pink to vibrant purple and deep red. Choose colors that complement your existing garden design.
- Plant Height: Phlox varieties range from compact groundcovers to towering specimens. Consider the desired height and width of your phlox and choose a variety that fits your space.
- Bloom Time: Phlox varieties bloom at different times, offering a continuous display of color throughout the summer. Choose varieties that bloom in succession for extended beauty.
- Disease Resistance: Some phlox varieties are more susceptible to powdery mildew, a fungal disease that can affect the plant’s health. Choose disease-resistant varieties for a healthier garden.
Preparing the Soil for Phlox
Phlox thrives in well-drained soil with moderate fertility. Here’s how to prepare your planting site:
1. Soil Test: Conduct a soil test to determine the pH level and nutrient content of your soil. Phlox prefers a slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0-7.0).
2. Amend the Soil: If your soil is too acidic, add lime. If it’s too alkaline, add sulfur. Incorporate compost or aged manure to improve soil fertility and drainage.
3. Till the Soil: Use a garden fork or tiller to loosen the soil to a depth of 12 inches. This allows roots to grow freely and promotes drainage.
Planting Phlox Seeds
Starting phlox from seed is a rewarding experience, offering a sense of accomplishment and a chance to create unique varieties. Here’s how to do it:
1. Start Indoors: Sow phlox seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before the last frost. Use seed starting trays or pots filled with a seed starting mix.
2. Germination: Keep the soil consistently moist and warm (70-75°F). Seeds typically germinate in 10-14 days.
3. Hardening Off: Once seedlings have developed several true leaves, gradually acclimate them to outdoor conditions by placing them outdoors for increasing periods of time over a week or two.
4. Transplanting: When the weather has warmed and the risk of frost has passed, transplant your seedlings into the prepared garden bed, spacing them according to the variety’s requirements.
Planting Phlox Starts
For quicker results, consider planting phlox starts, which are young plants already established in pots. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
1. Choose Healthy Starts: Look for starts with healthy, vibrant foliage and an established root system. Avoid plants with signs of disease or damage.
2. Dig Planting Holes: Dig planting holes that are twice the width and depth of the root ball.
3. Planting: Gently remove the plant from its container, taking care not to damage the roots. Place the plant in the hole and backfill with soil, ensuring that the crown of the plant (where the stem meets the roots) is at or slightly above soil level.
4. Water Thoroughly: Water the newly planted phlox deeply to settle the soil and encourage root growth.
Watering and Fertilizing Your Phlox
Proper watering and fertilization are essential for healthy phlox growth. Here’s a guide to keep your plants thriving:
- Watering: Water phlox deeply and regularly, especially during dry periods. Allow the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings.
- Fertilizing: Feed your phlox with a balanced fertilizer (10-10-10) in early spring. You can also use a slow-release fertilizer for extended feeding.
Deadheading and Pruning
Deadheading your phlox, or removing spent blooms, encourages further flowering and prevents seed production, which can reduce plant vigor. Here’s how to do it:
- Pinch Off Spent Blooms: Use your fingers or pruning shears to pinch off the spent flowers just below the seed head.
- Pruning: In late fall, cut back your phlox stems by about one-third to encourage healthy growth the following year.
Protecting Your Phlox from Pests and Diseases
Phlox can be susceptible to pests and diseases. Here’s how to keep your plants healthy:
- Powdery Mildew: This fungal disease thrives in humid conditions. Improve air circulation by spacing plants appropriately and avoid overhead watering. Apply fungicides if necessary.
- Aphids: These tiny insects can damage plants by sucking sap. Use insecticidal soap or a strong spray of water to remove aphids.
- Slugs and Snails: These pests can damage foliage and flowers. Set out traps or use organic slug bait to control them.
Enjoying Your Blooming Phlox
With proper care, your phlox will reward you with vibrant blooms throughout the summer. Enjoy the beauty of your flowers and the cheerful dance of butterflies and hummingbirds attracted to their nectar.
Beyond the Basics: Propagating Phlox
For those who love to experiment, propagating phlox is a rewarding way to expand your garden. Here are two simple methods:
- Division: Divide your mature phlox plants in early spring or fall. Dig up the plant and carefully separate the clumps, ensuring each division has healthy roots. Replant the divisions in a new location.
- Cuttings: Take stem cuttings in early summer. Cut a 4-6 inch piece of stem just below a leaf node. Remove the lower leaves and dip the cut end in rooting hormone. Plant the cuttings in a moist rooting medium and keep them in a shady, humid environment.
Phlox: A Garden Staple
From its vibrant colors and intoxicating fragrance to its ease of care, phlox is a true garden treasure. By following these simple tips, you can enjoy a stunning display of blooms for years to come.
Basics You Wanted To Know
Q: How often should I water my phlox?
A: Water your phlox deeply and regularly, especially during dry periods. Allow the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings.
Q: When is the best time to plant phlox?
A: The best time to plant phlox is in the spring or fall. In warmer climates, you can also plant phlox in the early summer.
Q: How do I know if my phlox has powdery mildew?
A: Powdery mildew appears as a white, powdery coating on the leaves and stems of the plant.
Q: How do I prevent powdery mildew?
A: Improve air circulation by spacing plants appropriately and avoid overhead watering. Apply fungicides if necessary.
Q: What are some companion plants for phlox?
A: Phlox pairs well with a variety of other plants, including coneflowers, rudbeckia, and salvia. Choose plants with complementary colors and textures for a visually appealing garden design.
